How to Prevent, Treat Choking... Health Article

When it comes to dangerous toys, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) doesn't play around. In one recent year, the government confiscated 2 million toys -- mostly imports seized at U.S. borders.

Still, the commission's long quest to protect children is far from finished. Toys caused 16 deaths and sent 210,300 children to emergency rooms in 2004, the latest statistics available. Seven of those deaths were from choking.

CPSC requires labels on all toys that pose a choking hazard to children younger than 3.

Although people know toys can be dangerous, injuries can still occur. The American Academy of Pediatrics offers some first-aid tips in case a child starts choking. Begin these procedures only if the child cannot breathe or cough, or has lost color.

Younger than 1 year old

Place infant face down along your forearm with her head and neck well supported in your hand and lower than her trunk. Brace that arm against your thigh and, with the heel of the opposite hand, deliver up to five quick, firm blows between her shoulder blades. If the object doesn't dislodge, turn her face up on a firm surface, or on your lap or forearm. Place the middle and ring fingers of your free hand slightly below her nipples and in the center of the breastbone. Give five quick thrusts, pushing downward. Keep alternating back blows and chest thrusts until the object dislodges or you can see the object in her mouth and can sweep it out with your fingers. Repeat all steps until the object is coughed up and the infant is able to breathe or becomes unconscious. If there is any uncertainty about clearing the obstruction, have someone call 911 while you are attempting to clear the blockage.

Ages 1 to 3

Place the child on the floor on his back. Straddle his thighs; put the heels of your hands, one over the other, against his abdomen, above the navel and below the rib cage. Press quickly and firmly upward into the abdomen up to five times. Check his mouth and remove any object you see. Repeat until the object is removed and the child can breathe. Stop if the child becomes unconscious.

Older than 3

Stand or kneel behind the child, place your arms around his middle. Place your fist thumb-side against his abdomen just above the navel; grasp your fist with your other hand. Give up to five quick, firm thrusts, inward and upward. Repeat until the object is removed and the child can breathe. Stop if the child becomes unconscious.