Conners' Rating Scales-Revised Health Article

Definition

Developed by C. Keith Conners, Ph.D., the Conners' Rating Scales-Revised (CRS-R) are paper and pencil screening questionnaires designed to be completed by parents and teachers to assist in evaluating children for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Purpose

The CSR-R is used as part of a comprehensive examination and are designed to be easily administered and scored. Both the long and short versions are tools to assist in determining whether children between the ages of three and 17 years might suffer from ADHD.

Precautions

Those who administer the CRS-R should have a good understanding of psychological testing and its limitations. Although the CRS-R can be readily administered and scored by a nonprofessional, the ultimate responsibility for interpretation lies with a seasoned professional. As with all psychological evaluation instruments, the CRS-R is not perfect. One runs the risk of obtaining false positives (incorrectly diagnosing the disorder) or false negatives (failing to identify the disorder). Therefore, the information obtained from completed forms should not be used in isolation. It should be one piece of a complex evaluation that includes a clinical interview with the child, other diagnostic measures such as a computerized continuous performance test, and patient self-report—for those old enough and with sufficient reading ability to do so.

Previous versions of the Conners' scales were criticized by those claiming disparity between results obtained in different ethnic groups. The most recent version should dispel this concern, since they were "normed" using data from more than 8,000 subjects crossing all cultural and ethnic boundaries. The technical manual for CRS-R even contains separate normative information for specific ethnic groups. However, when age and sex are taken into account there were either no differences or insignificant differences. Statistically, a difference of two or three T-score points would be insignificant.

Description

The CRS-Rs are available in long and short versions for both parents and teachers. The long version for parents contains 80 items while the long version for teachers contains 59 items. The parents' short version contains 27 items and the teachers' short version has 28. The forms are multi-paged, and numbers circled on the front or back page are automatically transferred to a middle section for use by the clinician. The clinician transfers the circled scores into appropriate scales on the middle form and totals each scale at the bottom of the page. The parent version contains scales A through N. The teacher version is similar but lacks scale G (psychosomatic) contained on the parent version.