Advertisement

Herpes Health Channel

Feature Article

Illustrations for this article

Click on an image below to enlarge

Herpetic whitlow on the thumb

Herpes simplex - close-up

Herpes simplex

Definition

Herpes simplex is an infection that mainly affects the mouth or genital area.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

There are two different strains of herpes simplex viruses:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is usually associated with infections of the lips, mouth, and face. It is the most common herpes simplex virus and most people develop it in childhood. HSV-1 often causes lesions inside the mouth, such as cold sores (fever blisters), or infection of the eye (especially the conjunctiva and cornea). It can also lead to infection of the lining of the brain (meningoencephalitis). It is transmitted by contact with infected saliva. By adulthood, up to 90% of people will have antibodies to HSV-1.
  • Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is sexually transmitted. Symptoms include genital ulcers or sores. In addition to oral and genital sores, the virus can also lead to complications such as infection of the lining of the brain and the brain itself (meningoencephalitis) in neonatal infants due to infection during birth. However, some people have HSV-2 but do not show symptoms. Up to 30% of U.S. adults have antibodies against HSV-2. Cross-infection of type 1 and 2 viruses may occur from oral-genital contact.

A finger infection, called herpetic whitlow, is another form of herpes. It usually affects health care providers who are exposed to saliva during procedures.

Continue reading this article

More Articles

Genital herpes (1 Video, 1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted viral infection affecting the skin of the genitals. Reviewer: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Greg Juhn, MTPW, David R. Eltz, Kelli A. Stacy, ELS. Previously reviewed by Kenneth M. Wener, MD, Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (11/1/2007).Date: 04/07/2008
Email  |  Save

Herpes zoster (11 Images) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Herpes zoster is an acute, localized infection with varicella-zoster virus, which causes a painful, blistering rash. Reviewer: Monica Gandhi MD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Date: 05/26/2006
Email  |  Save

Herpes labialis (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Herpes labialis is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. It leads to the development of small and usually painful blisters on the skin of the lips, mouth, gums, or lip area. These blisters are commonly called cold sores or fever blisters. Reviewer: D. Scott Smith, M.D., MSc, DTM&H, Chief of Infectious Disease & Geographic Medicine, Kaiser Redwood City, CA & Adjunct Assistant Professor, Stanford University.¿ Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.Date: 05/21/2008
Email  |  Save

Serum herpes simplex antibodies (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Serum herpes simplex antibodies is a blood test that looks for antibodies to the herpes simplex virus. Reviewer: Mark Levin, M.D., Division of Infectious Disease, MacNeal Hospital, Berwyn, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Date: 06/08/2007
Email  |  Save

Herpes viral culture of lesion (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Herpes viral culture of a lesion is a laboratory test to check if a skin sample is infected with the herpes simplex virus. Reviewer: D. Scott Smith, M.D., MSc, DTM&H, Chief of Infectious Disease & Geographic Medicine, Kaiser Redwood City, CA & Adjunct Assistant Professor, Stanford University. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.Date: 12/03/2007
Email  |  Save

Herpes - resources (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Reviewer: A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: Greg Juhn, M.T.P.W., David R. Eltz, Kelli A. Stacy.Date: 10/13/2006
Email  |  Save

Herpes - resources (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Reviewer: A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: Greg Juhn, M.T.P.W., David R. Eltz, Kelli A. Stacy.Date: 10/13/2006
Email  |  Save

Birth-acquired herpes (1 Image) (Doctor-Reviewed information)
Birth-acquired herpes is a herpes virus infection that an infant gets (acquires) at the time of birth. Reviewer: Rachel A. Lewis, M.D., F.A.A.P., Columbia University Pediatric Faculty Practice, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Date: 11/12/2007
Email  |  Save

Use Healthline to search the web for more Herpes information.

Health Videos

How to Deal With Herpes
Genital herpes remains one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases, but most don't know they are infected. Learn how to stay safe and find out ...
Email  | Save

Play Videoplay video read transcript

Herpes: What Everyone Should Know
Join our panel of experts for a discussion of herpes treatment and prevention.
Email  | Save

Play Videoplay video read transcript

Health Experts, Healthline's Network of Health Experts

Genital herpes (HSV 2) and teens. in Teen Health 411 - 2 years 53 days ago
i had sex with a woman who has a herpes type 2 but i used a condom,2 days later i felt my body is not normal so i went to a doctor and i had ful STD cheak ... Email  |  Save
Zostavax for Herpes Zoster (Shingles). in Medicine for the Outdoors - 1 year 343 days ago
According to the FDA, Zostavax has not been studied among people who have had shingles. is a new vaccine to reduce the risk for herpes zoster (HZ), commonl... Email  |  Save

Current News

Genital Herpes May Infect 28% of Women Worldwide by Age 49, WHO Estimates
Bloomberg Business News | 6 days ago
Genital herpes may infect 28 percent of women by age 49, according to the World Health Organization's first global estimate of the prevalence of the incurable disease.

reducing the risk of transmission
Star Phoenix | 7 days ago
Herpes is passed on only when it is active on the skin. There is a risk that the virus may be active even though there are no noticeable symptoms, such as blisters or sores.

Herpes Drug Inhibits HIV In Patients Infected With Both Viruses
EMaxHealth | 11 days ago
Researchers at the U.S. National Institutes of Health , McGill University and other institutions have discovered how a simple antiviral drug developed decades ago suppresses HIV in patients who are also ...

Show all News

Create News Alert